01770cas a2200241 a 4500 AALejournalIMF001156 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781451844511 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Oliva, Maria-Angels. Estimation of Trade Protection in Middle East and North African Countries / Maria-Angels Oliva. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2000. 1 online resource (36 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This paper studies the structure and evolution of trade protection in the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries in the 1990s. MENA countries use tariffs and nontariff barriers, and tariff dispersion and nontariff barriers, as substitute protection measures. Tariff levels and tariff dispersion are complements. Excluding Tunisia, the cross-country correlation between tariff and nontariff barriers is -0.46. The correlation between tariff dispersion and nontariff barriers is -0.8. The paper also develops an overall index of trade protection and finds that tariff levels, their dispersion, and nontariff barriers account for 60 percent, 10 percent, and 30 percent of overall protection, respectively. Mode of access: Internet IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 2000/027 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2000/027/001.2000.issue-027-en.xml IMF e-Library