<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
 <record>
  <leader>01809cas a2200253 a 4500</leader>
  <controlfield tag="001">AALejournalIMF006762</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="008">230101c9999    xx  r poo     0    0eng d</controlfield>
  <datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="c">5.00 USD</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="z">9781455208890</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="022" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">1018-5941</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">BD-DhAAL</subfield>
   <subfield code="c">BD-DhAAL</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">Espinoza, Raphael.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
   <subfield code="a">Nonperforming Loans in the GCC Banking System and their Macroeconomic Effects /</subfield>
   <subfield code="c">Raphael Espinoza, Ananthakrishnan Prasad.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1">
   <subfield code="a">Washington, D.C. :</subfield>
   <subfield code="b">International Monetary Fund,</subfield>
   <subfield code="c">2010.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">1 online resource (24 pages)</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">IMF Working Papers</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">&lt;strong&gt;Off-Campus Access:&lt;/strong&gt; No User ID or Password Required</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">&lt;strong&gt;On-Campus Access:&lt;/strong&gt; No User ID or Password Required</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="506" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">According to a dynamic panel estimated over 1995 - 2008 on around 80 banks in the GCC region, the NPL ratio worsens as economic growth becomes lower and interest rates and risk aversion increase. Our model implies that the cumulative effect of macroeconomic shocks over a three year horizon is indeed large. Firm-specific factors related to risk-taking and efficiency are also related to future NPLs. The paper finally investigates the feedback effect of increasing NPLs on growth using a VAR model. According to the panel VAR, there could be a strong, albeit short-lived feedback effect from losses in banks' balance sheets on economic activity, with a semi-elasticity of around 0.4.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="538" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">Mode of access: Internet</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
   <subfield code="a">Prasad, Ananthakrishnan.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0">
   <subfield code="a">IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;</subfield>
   <subfield code="v">No. 2010/224</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
   <subfield code="z">Full text available on IMF</subfield>
   <subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2010/224/001.2010.issue-224-en.xml</subfield>
   <subfield code="z">IMF e-Library</subfield>
  </datafield>
 </record>
</collection>
