01813cas a2200241 a 4500 AALejournalIMF007661 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781451859010 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Clements, Benedict. The Efficiency of Education Expenditure in Portugal / Benedict Clements. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 1999. 1 online resource (63 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This paper assesses the efficiency of education expenditure in Portugal and delineates a possible agenda for reform. Portugal's low educational performance has coincided with the highest level of primary and secondary education expenditure to GDP in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), suggesting considerable inefficiency. Empirical results from the application of a nonparametric technique for production frontier estimation (Free Disposable Hull analysis) support this view. Among the reforms that could be considered to raise educational efficiency are the adoption of a goal-oriented management and incentive system; establishment of minimum student/teacher ratios; and an easing of employment and work rules governing public school teachers. Mode of access: Internet IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 1999/179 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/1999/179/001.1999.issue-179-en.xml IMF e-Library