01860cas a2200253 a 4500 AALejournalIMF007997 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781451856965 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Mani, Muthukumara. Trade Integration and Political Turbulence : Environmental Policy Consequences / Muthukumara Mani, Per Fredriksson. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2001. 1 online resource (25 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This paper seeks to contribute to the unresolved issue of the effect of economic integration on environmental policy. In particular, we discuss the joint impact of trade openness and political uncertainty. Our theory predicts that the effect of trade integreation on the environment is conditional on the degree of political uncertainty. Trade integration raises the stringency of environmental policies, but the effect is reduced when the degree of political uncertainty is great. Political uncertainty has a positive effect on environmental policy as it reduces lobbying efforts. Applying our model to a unique data set of primarily developing countries, the empirical findings support the theory and are robust under alterntive specifications. Mode of access: Internet Fredriksson, Per. IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 2001/150 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2001/150/001.2001.issue-150-en.xml IMF e-Library