01878cas a2200277 a 4500 AALejournalIMF015563 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781513544885 2617-6750 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Clements, Benedict. The Fiscal Consequences of Shrinking Populations / Benedict Clements, Kamil Dybczak, Vitor Gaspar, Sanjeev Gupta. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2015. 1 online resource (34 pages) Staff Discussion Notes <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This Staff Discussion Note looks at the stark fiscal challenges posed by the decline and aging of populations between now and 2100. It finds that without reforms, pensions and health spending would rise to 25 percent of GDP by end-century in more developed countries (and 16 percent of GDP in less developed countries), with potentially dire fiscal consequences. Given the uncertainty underlying the population projections and associated large fiscal risks, a multi-pronged approach will be required. This could include entitlement reform-starting now but at a gradual pace; policies that affect demographics and labor markets; and better tax systems and more efficient public expenditure. Mode of access: Internet Dybczak, Kamil. Gaspar, Vitor. Gupta, Sanjeev. Staff Discussion Notes; Staff Discussion Notes ; No. 2015/021 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/006/2015/021/006.2015.issue-021-en.xml IMF e-Library