02090cas a2200277 a 4500 AALejournalIMF016051 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781513520698 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Kelmanson, Ben. Explaining the Shadow Economy in Europe : Size, Causes and Policy Options / Ben Kelmanson, Koralai Kirabaeva, Leandro Medina, Borislava Mircheva. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2019. 1 online resource (29 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to increase formality. The size of shadow economies declined across Europe in recent years but remains significant, especially in Eastern Europe. In the emerging European economies, the key determinants of shadow economy size are regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and human capital. The paper argues that a comprehensive package of reforms, focused on country-specific drivers, is needed to successfully combat the shadow economy. The menu of policies most relevant for Europe's emerging economies include: reducing regulatory and administrative burdens, promoting transparency and improving government effectiveness, as well as improving tax compliance, automating procedures, and promoting electronic payments. Mode of access: Internet Kirabaeva, Koralai. Medina, Leandro. Mircheva, Borislava. IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 2019/278 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2019/278/001.2019.issue-278-en.xml IMF e-Library