02152cas a2200241 a 4500 AALejournalIMF017812 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781484310311 1934-7685 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Republic of Poland : Selected Issues. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2017. 1 online resource (64 pages) IMF Staff Country Reports <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students This paper highlights the fact that to address the challenge of declining working age population, policies should not only aim to support fertility, but also to increase labor force participation rate, to improve labor allocation across sectors and to encourage net immigration. However, with some recent measures going in the opposite direction, even such mitigating policies may not fully offset the demographic headwinds. Poland faces profound demographic changes. The decline of fertility rate and growing life expectancy, mostly driven by longevity of older cohorts, will significantly change the demographic landscape. Demographics may soon pose a barrier for growth. The historical expansion of working age population appears to have been only partly utilized to boost potential growth, with increased unemployment and declined labor force participation rates dampening potential gains. Net migration was also a drag on the labor supply in the past, but this has changed recently. In addition to a steady outflow of permanent migrants, there was a sharp pickup in temporary migration after EU accession. Mode of access: Internet IMF Staff Country Reports; Country Report ; No. 2017/221 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2017/221/002.2017.issue-221-en.xml IMF e-Library