01827cas a2200253 a 4500 AALejournalIMF018640 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 5.00 USD 9781484367636 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Hilgenstock, Benjamin. Still Attached? : Are Social Safety Nets Working? Labor Force Participation in European Regions / Benjamin Hilgenstock, Zsoka Koczan. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2018. 1 online resource (26 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students The paper examines the evolution and drivers of labor force participation in European regions, focusing on the effects of trade and technology. As in the United States, rural regions within European countries saw more pronounced declines (or smaller increases) in participation than urban regions. Unlike in the United States, however, trade and technology, captured here using novel measures of initial exposures to routinization and offshoring, did not result in detachment from the workforce in European regions. Instead, regions with high initial exposures to routinization and offshoring experienced so-far larger increases in participation, likely driven by an added second worker effect. Mode of access: Internet Koczan, Zsoka. IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 2018/165 Full text available on IMF http://elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2018/165/001.2018.issue-165-en.xml IMF e-Library