02175cas a2200301 a 4500 AALejournalIMF023217 230101c9999 xx r poo 0 0eng d 9798400219849 20.00 USD 1018-5941 BD-DhAAL BD-DhAAL Garcia-Goni, Manuel. Rationalizing Pharmaceutical Spending / Manuel Garcia-Goni. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2022. 1 online resource (48 pages) IMF Working Papers <strong>Off-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required <strong>On-Campus Access:</strong> No User ID or Password Required Electronic access restricted to authorized BRAC University faculty, staff and students Pharmaceutical spending accounts for a large share of health spending worldwide. While pharmaceuticals are an indispensable component of effective modern health systems, and their benefits in terms of increasing life expectancy and improving quality of life are unquestionable, the large variation in pharmaceutical spending across countries suggests that there may be large efficiency gains to be realized. This paper reviews the existing literature and databases on the level and composition of pharmaceutical spending and estimates potential efficiency gains from increased use of generics. It also reviews how countries organize the procurement and tendering of pharmaceuticals and the implications for spending. Finally, the paper identifies the various channels through which spending inefficiencies can arise and identifies reform options for reducing pharmaceutical spending while ensuring quality health outcomes. Mode of access: Internet Generics imf Health imf National Government Expenditures and Related Policies imf Pharmaceutical Policy imf Pharmaceutical Spending imf IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ; No. 2022/190 Full text available on IMF https://elibrary.imf.org/openurl?genre=journal&issn=1018-5941&volume=2022&issue=190 IMF e-Library